RAS AL AYN, Syria — Thousands fled the Syrian city of Ras al Ayn on Monday for the safety of Turkey as the battle between Syrian rebels and government troops for control of this border city raged for a fifth day.
Across the border in Ceylanpinar, Turkey, loudspeakers warned residents to stay indoors as Syrian jets and artillery raked rebel positions in Ras al Ayn just a few hundred yards from Turkish territory; their shock waves shattering windows. At least one Syrian shell reportedly landed in Ceylanpinar.
Turkish soldiers watched from foxholes and tried to help the refugees, who crossed the border unimpeded save for some who became tangled in barbed wire. Most were ferried to a camp about 10 miles away by buses provided by the Turkish government, which made trip after trip throughout the day.
More than 100,000 Syrians are housed in refugee camps in Turkey, and thousands more have fled there without officially registering with the Turkish government. Friday saw the highest single-day total of refugees since the conflict began, with more than 10,000 reportedly fleeing to Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey. More than 8,000 of those fled to Ceylanpinar from Ras al Ayn.
A rebel spokesman in Ras al Ayn said it was possible that as many or more had fled Monday. Rebels said Syrian government airstrikes had killed at least 18 civilians, and it was unclear how many fighters might have died.
Residents of Ceylanpinar have opened their homes to the refugees, some of whom had tried to return to Syria before fighting prompted them to flee again.
“We have dozens of people staying in our house,” said 17-year-old Orhan Ahmed, who watched the fighting from the Turkish side of the border with his friends. Despite the warnings to stay indoors, hundreds of residents could be seen on the streets, watching the bombardment.
At least one airstrike hit a predominantly Kurdish neighborhood in Ras al Ayn, which has a sizable Kurdish minority. There were also reports of tensions between fighters and Kurdish militiamen loyal to the United Democratic Party, a Syrian Kurdish party that has close links to the Turkish Kurdish Worker’s Party. The Turkish Kurd party has fought a decades-long war with the Turkish government seeking autonomy for millions of Kurds who live in southern Turkey. In the past few weeks, Syrian rebels and United Democratic Party militiamen have battled each other in northern Syria, including open fighting and tit-for-tat kidnappings in Aleppo, the country’s largest city.
Meanwhile, rumors swept rebel ranks that an attack was being planned on Hasaka, the largest city in this northeastern Syrian province of the same name, which has been largely free of rebel activity until the fighting at Ras al Ayn. Hasaka is Syria’s only majority-Kurdish province, and it’s an ethnic powder keg where tensions between the largely Arab rebels and the United Democratic Party are likely to get worse.
Most Kurds have tried to remain neutral in Syria’s civil war, while the United Democratic Party has benefited by using the conflict to win concessions from the government of President Bashar Assad in exchange for not joining the anti-Assad rebellion. Attacks on Hasaka or Qamishli, the largest cities in the province, would make Kurdish neutrality nearly impossible. Whether they choose to fight with the government or against it could be a major factor in the fighting.
The rebel battalions fighting in Ras al Ayn hail from here and from outside the area as well. The main battalions appear to belong to a grouping that calls itself the Strangers of Damascus, and they say they belong to the Free Syrian Army, a group that’s nominally led by defected military officers who live in a refugee camp in southern Turkey.
Other groups that are fighting include the Farouq Battalions, an independent rebel grouping whose leadership is independent of the Free Syrian Army. It’s been instrumental in the fight in central Syria and the effort to take over territory along the Turkish border. Fighters from Jabhat al Nusra, an extremist rebel group that’s grown in size in recent months, were also in Ras al Ayn.
